PHYSICS HONOURS _B.Sc. Part 3 Syllabus

 PHYSICS (Honours)

                   Paper-v

This paper will be of 100 marks. Question 1 will content 10 objective questions and it will be compulsory. Four questions are to be set from group A and group B each. The candidates will be required to answer two questions from each group. The questions will be of equal value.

                  GROUP-A

Quantum mechanics:- set 4 questions.

Rise and fall of planck- Bohr theory.Duality of radiation and matter,de- broglie's hypothesis,derivation of the de -Broglie relation and its exporim ental confirmation.   

Formation of wave-packet, illustration. Uncertainty principle relating to position and momentum, energy and time application, complementarity principle, Photon interpretation of two slit interference.

Einstein-de-Broglie relations as a link between particle and wave propagation, propagation of matter waves, time dependent and time independent schrodinger equations, physical meaning of conditions to be satisfied by schrodinger equation as an operator equation. Postulatory approach to wave mechanics, operators, observable and measurements, simple one dimensional problems particle in a box with rigvil walls, concept of a potential wall. Wave functions and energies for the ground and excited States, quantisation of energy. Qualitative discussion of the solution for shallow potential wall.

            Operators, eigenvalues and eigen-function Linear opretors, their eigenvalues, expectation value of an operator.

           Simple harmonic oscillator, step up and step down of operators, Eigen functions and Eigen value of the ground state and excited states. Zero point energy, probability density and its variation with degree of excitation orthogonality aap wave functions other one-dimensional problems: step potentials penetration through a rectangular barrier, transmission coefficients, barriers of special shapes, quantum mechanical tunneling particle in a three-dimensional cubical box, degeneracy.

 Angular momentum and spin: -orbital angular momentum,operators for its cartesian components,communication relations, mutual as well as with L^2 operators L+and L-, their interpretation as step operators, eigenvalues of Lz, half integral values for Quantum numbers. Angular momentum operator in spherical co-ordinates; evolution of their eigen functions exphcity in the terms of co-ordinates, their degeneracy, schrodinger equation for hydrogen atom in spherical polar co-ordinates, separation into radical and angular variables and their solutions ground state of hydrogen atom; discussion of spherical harmonics.

          Angular momentum and magnetic moment  of electron due to orbital motion, Bohr magnetions,Stern. Gerlach experiment,Uhlemback and Goudsmit's hypothesis of electron spin;paull's  method of a spin variable along with the three coordinates in schrodinger equation. Eigen value and eigen functions of spin operator,paulispin operators and commutation relations.
GROUP-B

Statical physics ( set 4 question)

The fundamental assumption of statistical mechanics. Probability distribution and entropy Boltzmann distribution. partition function and its conversion to thermodynamics function.Heimholtz  free energy equation and Gibb's paradox. Elements of ensemble theory and Lioville's theorm. Canonical ensemble and thermodynamics. Simple application of ensemble theory to perfect gas. Fermi-Dirac distribution ,Bose Einstein distribution and their simple applications. Radial distribution function function and its relation to thermodynamics functions. A brief introduction to phase transformation.

PHYSICS (Honours)

                   Paper-VI

This paper will be of 100 marks. Question 1 will content 10 objective questions and it will be compulsory. Four questions are to be set from group A and group B each. The candidates will be required to answer two questions from each group. The questions will be of equal value.

                  GROUP-A

Nuclear physics (set 4 question)

Structure of nucleus:- Structure of nucleus : discovery of the nucleus, composition Basic

properties, charge, mass, size, spin magnetic moment, electric quardrupole

moment, binding energy. binding energy per nucleon and its observed variation

with mass number of the nucleus. Coulomb enerey, volume energy surface

energy, other corrections, explanation of binding energy curve. Liquid drop model of the nucleus.

Radioactivity : Decay Constant and half-life; methods measurement of

half-life. Geiger-Nuttall law. Gomow's explanation. Beta decay, Fermi's theory,

neutrino and antineutrino.

Detectors of charged particles, on chamber, Geiger, counter, resolving

time, cloud chamber, photographic emulsions and bubble chambers.

Accelerators: Need for accelerators, Cockroft, Walton, van de groat,

cyclic accelerators, cyclotron, synchrocy clotron. variable energy Cycloiron.

Artificial radioactivity : Nuclear fission, Neutron reactions Fermi and transuranic elements, chain reaction. criticality, moderators.

Discovery of cosmic rays : Hard and soft components, discovery of muon, pion, heavymesons and hyperon, mass and lifetime determination for muon and pion.

Primary cosmic rays : Extensive air showers, solar modulation of

primary cosmic rays, eftect of earth's magnetic field on the cosmic ray

trajectories.

GROUP- B

Solid State Physics (Set 4 questions.)

Elements of crystallography Bravais Jattice, Miller indices. Seven crystal

systmes, Simple crytal structures of Nacl, Cacl and diamond.

Interaction of X-rays. neutrons and electrons with matter, Diffraction

of X'rays from a perfect crystal, Bragg's law, Reciprocal lattice, Ewalo

construction and Brillonin zones. Crystal binding -IOnic, metallic, covalent

and Vanderwaal's binding. Vanderwaal London interaction and cohesive

energy of inert gas crystals. Madelung energy and Madelung constant.

Free electron theory of metals. Heat capacity of electron gas. Electrical

conductivity of metals Boltzmann Transport equation. Sommerfeld theory of

electrical conductivity Band theory of Solids. Bloch s theorem. Kronig Penney

model. Distinction between metal, semiconductor and insulator. Instrinic and

extrinsic semiconductors. Transistors p-n juction recitifier. Hall effect.

PAPER VII A
ELECTIVE

This paper will be of 100 marks. Question 1 will contain ten objective

questions which will be compulsory. Four questions are to be set from group

A and group B each. The candidates will be required to answer two questions

from each group. The questions will be of equal value.

GROUP A Biophysics (Set 4 questions)

What is biophysics ? History of biophysics. life-order or chaos.

Plant and animal cells, encosiotic, procariotic cells composition of cell

In terms of water, protein, phospho-lipid, lipid ete. Function of cell membrane

cytoplasm. nucleius, mitochondria, microsomes and other cell organelles.

Biololical Molecules, water, glucose, carbohydrates, Lipids, proteins

nucleic acids, ATP. Structure and function in relation to band formation.

Genetic code, symmetry, revision or LDNA Structure. Protein synthesis,

transcription translation of intercellular interactions, molecular recognition.

Neuron anatomy: Cell, dendrift, axon background of neuron physiology.

Physical and chemical background of membrane potential.

Nerust equation: Resting potential, ionic pump, poses of different ionic

species action potential. Voltage clamp technique, conduction changes and

Hodgkin-Huxley analysis. Cable equation; propagation of action potential,

compound action potential.

Photosynthet'c Process: Quantum efficiency. Photo. system I and Il.

nature of electron transport. Bio energetiCs. Gibbs free energy, equilibrium

constants in Chemical reaction.

Interconversion of energies; elecirical and Chemical half cell potentials.

Redox potential. ATP structure and reaction, changes in Gibbs free energy in

ATP formation, Redox couple, Bioenergetics in chloroplastis.

GROUP B- Information Technology (Set 4 Questions)

Introduction to computer Hardware, Input Devices, output devices

storage devices & CPU, Computer software: operating systems (MS-DOS &

its main commands, Windows 95/98/XP), Introduction to MS-Office (WORD

Excel. Power point)

Introduction to data communication & network fundamentals.

Introduction to internet, modem, Internet Service Prodider, Internet explorer,

E-mail, search engine, world Wide web, websites, creation or website, html.

Introduction to C and C, Programming C, Main commands in C

Basics of programming, input-output statement, functions headertile.

Keywords, Data type, operators. Tokens.

Programming in Cfor simple mathematical problems, one & two

dimensional arrays. matrices addition. subtraction and multiplication of

matrices.

N.B. Out of two elective papers VIl A and VIl B, the students will

study any one of them only.)

PAPER-VII B
ELECTTVE
Group A : Material Science : (Set 4 question)

Full marks-100

Crytal Structure : Unit cell and Bravais Lattice. Different types of Cystal structures, Reciprocal lattice; its mathematical representations and

applications. Xray-diffraction methods for (i) determination of lattice parameters (ii) measurement of Bragg angle and Interplaner spacings. Introduction to Neutron and Electron Diftraction.

Imperfection in Solid:

Various types of crystalline impertection.point defect. Edge and screw dislocations. Origin of dislocations, Role of dislocation in crystal growth, Plastic detormation.

Electronic Conduction in Solids: Electrical conductivity, Free electron

theory, Fermi velocity and meanfreepath, Temperature and impurity etfect,

Temperature dependent resistivity. Introduction to Kondo and spin glass alloys.

Superconducting Materials: Experimental results: d. c. electrical

resistivity, Meissner Effect, Critical field, Type I and Type II superconductors.

Isotrope ettect, specific heat anomaly.

Thermodynamics of Superconducting transiition, London equations

Introduction to Cooper pairs, High temperature, Superconductors.

Magnetic Material: Classification of magnetic materials. Exchange

Interaction in Magnetic materials, Magnetic Anisotropy and MagnetOStriction

Hard and Soft Magnatic Materials Ferrite for Microwave applications.

Dielectric Materials: Dielectric constant and polarizability Frequency

dependence of polarizability. Insulating Materials, Ferroelectrics,

Piezoelectrics, Electrets Applications of d-electric materials.

GROUPB- Advance Electronics (set 4 questions).

Zener diode characteristic, Design of constant voltage power supply,

SCR, Control circuits using SCR UJT. Relaxation oscillator using UJT

Enchancement mode and Depletion mode Mosfet, Mosfet Biasing, Amplifier

Circuits using Mosfet, CMOSInverter Negative feedback, Eftect of negative

feedback on gain, landwietb distortion, input and output Impedence. Stability

ffeedback amplifiers, Nyquist-Criterion. Difference amplifier and its CMRR.

Structure of optrational amplifiers. Gain, in put impedence, output impedence

of inverting and non-inverting operational amplitiers Operational amplifier

as summor, Log and anti-log amplifier, operational amplifier as Differentiator

and integrator.

Amplitude, frequency and phase modulation sidebands of amplitude

modlulated Wave, cireuits producing amplitude. modulation, Demodulation,

envelop, dectection, Block diagram of superhetrodyne receiver and T.V.

PAPER-VII (PRACTICAL)

Paper will be a practical paper consisting of two groups-VIII A and VIl B. The whole paper will be of 100 marks. The candidates will have to

perform one experiment each from VIII A and VIl B in the alloteted time of

eight hours.

PAPER VIIA

The syllabus shall include the following experiments

1. Junction diode and Zener diods characteristic.

2. BJT Characteristics.

3. FET characteristics.

4.Static characteristics of tetrode.

5.Verification of child-Langmuir law.

6.Frequency response of R. C. amplifier

7.Effect of negative feedback R.C. amplifier.

8. Properties of Hortley oscillator.

9. Study of a plate modulated amplifier.

T0. Frequency response of a tuned I- F amplifier.

11. Sensitivity study of a grid leak detector.

12. Diode detector and its Use as a voltmeter.

13. Study of load characteristics of a rectifier.

14. Multivibrator and study of its forms.

Is Study of logic gates ( AND NAND, OR, NOR)

PAPER VI B

The syllabus shall include the following experiments.

1. Verification of Brewster's law.

2.Verification of Fresnel's laws of reflection, and refraction ofpolarised light.

3.Analysis of elliptica.ly polarised light.

4.Inductance by Anderson's btidge.

5. Mutnal inductance by Carey Foster's bridge.

Frequency characteristics of low-pass filter.

7. e/m by Braun's tube.

8.e/m by Helical method.

9.Mesurement of Hall co-efficint.

10. Band gap of semiconductor.

11. Planck's constant by photo cell method.

12. Power factor of an A.G. fan by

(i) Three ammeters method (i) Three voltmeters method.

13. Copper loss and iron loss of a transformer.

14. Insertion loss variation with load of the T-section of an attenuator

15. Beta ray absorption coefficient of a metal by G.M. counter